An FPGA based HSR Architecture for Seamless PROFINET Redundancy

This paper presents the mapping of the High-Availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) protocol to PROFINET RT. Whereas common PROFINET RT components that implement the Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) are requiring up to 200 ms for recovery after link failures, HSR provides seamless redundancy. In order to overcome the incompatibilities between PROFINET and HSR a configurable HSR RedBox is implemented. The hardware architecture, running at 100 MHz, is mapped onto an Altera Stratix IV FPGA and is capable of processing up to 100 Mbps per port. Using several RedBoxes in a ring, a seamless redundancy is demonstrated for a PROFINET RT test network, using 1 ms cycle time with 3 ms watchdog. The presented architecture is highly configurable and can be mapped both to high-end and low-end FPGAs and therefore fulfills industrial requirements

Artificial Intelligence in Public Discourse

This book contains 26 studies conducted by students in the Cognitive Science seminar "Artificial Intelligence in Public Discourse". In their studies, they explore the use of the term Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related subfields in various parts of public discourse such as Twitter, user comments on news sites, expert interviews, government documents, television shows, newspapers, etc. It is investigated which strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are ascribed to AI technology and how this relates to the technical and academic state of the art and discussion. Most studies employ qualitative methods, but quantitative and mixed-methods approaches are also used